The shortage of skilled labour in the construction sector continues to be one of the industry’s main challenges in Romania. According to data from the National Institute of Statistics (INS), in the second quarter of 2025 the job vacancy rate in construction reached 2.8%, significantly above the national average of 1.4%. This situation severely affects the implementation of infrastructure projects, particularly those financed through EU funds and the NRRP.

A recent report by the Ministry of Development shows that delays in the execution of public works are caused, in more than 35% of cases, by the lack of qualified personnel, especially in core trades—steel fixers, carpenters, bricklayers and plumbers. At the same time, companies are facing a growing migration of workers to other EU Member States, where wages are considerably more attractive.

To cover this deficit, companies in the sector are increasingly turning to non-EU workers, particularly from Asia. According to data from the General Inspectorate for Immigration, more than 30,000 work permits for construction workers were issued in the first six months of 2025. Although this approach alleviates pressure, it does not solve the issue of work quality or execution continuity.

A coherent dual vocational training strategy is needed, adapted to current on-site requirements, along with a reassessment of wage structures and working conditions. Without swift action, the risk of losing European funds due to major delays in project implementation will increase exponentially.

(Photo: Freepik)