Materials considered “eco” are often perceived as universal, safe, and risk-free solutions. In reality, they impose strict technical requirements and can generate major problems when used without a systemic approach.

A common example is the use of hygroscopic natural insulation materials in buildings without humidity control. Materials such as plant fibers or wood-based boards can accumulate excess vapor if not properly protected, leading to mold growth, biological degradation, and loss of thermal insulation performance.

“Natural” plasters may react chemically or physically with incompatible substrates. When applied over layers with different pH levels or on unstable surfaces, they may crack, delaminate, or lose adhesion, even though the material itself is technically sound.

Another case involves ecological paints applied in poorly ventilated spaces. Without proper drying times and controlled conditions, these products can generate persistent odors and uneven finishes, contrary to expectations.

The problem is not the “green” material itself, but how it is selected and integrated. Sustainable solutions do not work through the simple replacement of conventional materials, but through careful design, compatibility between layers, and an understanding of long-term behavior. Without this approach, “eco” becomes a risk rather than an advantage.

(Photo: Freepik)